Impact of respiration on stroke volumes in paediatric controls and Fontan patients assessed by MR real-time phase velocity mapping
نویسندگان
چکیده
Methods Non-electrocardiographic triggered real-time PC-MRI using EPI combined with half-Fourier technique (TR/ TEeff/excitation angle = 12-14 ms/3.3 ms/40°, SENSEfactor = 4, temporal resolution = 24-28 ms) was applied to study respiration-driven SV fluctuations in the ascending aorta (AAo) and both caval veins (SVC, IVC) under natural and forced breathing in 34 healthy children and 10 pediatric Fontan patients. Data were collected during a 12-14 s time interval. The subject’s physiological data (ECG & respiration) were recorded simultaneously for matching with flow data. Virtual stroke volumes were generated dividing the respiration curve in four segments: expiration, breathing in, inspiration and breathing out. Spirometric measurements were performed to validate respiratory volumes. Statistical differences were analyzed by using ANOVA, paired Student t-test and Bland-Altman statistics.
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